Age Certificate Analysis

Age film ratings categorise films from their content so that only a certain age range can view certain films. This is important as it stops young children watching violent and sexually explicit films. The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is responsible for the classifications and censorship of films within the UK.

Universal - U

The U symbol stands for Universal and means that it is suitable for an audience of four years and older. U films do now contain high levels of violence but will allow for very mild violence such as a quick fight scene. Also U films will not contain sexual behaviour or strong language, however the BBFC do allow for kissing, cuddling and infrequent use of very mild bad language such as ‘damn’ and ‘hell’.

Examples of U rated films - Ice Age, Despicable Me, Up, Monsters Inc, Finding Nemo, The Wild, WALL-E and Toy Story.

Parental Guidance - PG

PG, or Parental Guidance, films are suitable for audiences above the age of around eight years old. Children younger than eight should have permission by their parents or must be accompanied by a parent or guardian to avoid film content upsetting viewers. Mild bad language, such as ‘shit’ or ‘son of a bitch’, may be allowed in a PG category film however if the bad language is used too frequently or is said in a aggressive manner than the film may be classed as a higher age rating.

Examples of PG rated films - Home Alone, Elf, Big Hero 6, The Grinch, Into the Woods, Brave, Tomorrowland and Minions.

Accompanied by an adult / Suitable for 12 years and over - 12A / 12

12A is similar to 12 rated films however 12A films require any child under the age of 12 to be accompanied by an adult when seeing the film. 12A is typically used is cinemas and theatres; the accompany of an adult is enforced by staff members but at home it cannot be enforced as much. This is the reason why DVD’s and Blu-ray’s have the 12 certificate rather than the 12A certificate. Strong language such as ‘fuck’ and ‘bitch’ can be present in a 12 of 12A film however, aggressive uses of strong language may result in the film being rated as a higher age rating. Sexual behaviour can be briefly shown in a 12 or 12A however verbal references to sex is not suitable for this age rating. Sometimes verbal references to sex may be allowed if used for a comedic purpose. Any uses of discriminatory behaviour or language against sex, race, sexuality, religion, disability ect..., will not pass for a 12A and 12 rated film.

Examples of 12A and 12 rated films - The Martian, Ant-Man, Maze Runner, Jurassic World, Guardians of the Galaxy, Star Trek Into Darkness, Interstellar and Everest.

Suitable for 15 years and over - 15

A 15 rated film is only suitable for an audience over the age of 15 and can contain strong violence, strong language, sexual nudity, discriminatory behaviour and language and used of drugs. 15’s are allowed to show people taking drugs but may not be allowed to show misuse of drugs or highly dangerous substances such as aerosols and solvents. In a 15 film, there is no limit to how many times they can use strong language such as ‘fuck’ and ‘bitch’, however they can only occasionally use what the BBFC rate as the strongest term - ‘cunt’. If the strongest term is used frequently or in an aggressive manner then the film could be put in a higher age rating category.

Examples of a 15 rated film - The Hangover, Zombieland, The 40 Year-Old Virgin, Step Brothers, Due Date, Hot Fuzz, Shaun of the Dead, Kick-Ass and Jackass.

Suitable only for adults - 18

An 18 rated film will contain similar content to a 15 but will be allowed to use as much strong language, discriminatory terms, portrayal of sex, nudity, and uses of drugs. Even though 18 are allowed to use as much nudity and non-sexual education content - 18 films can fully be just a sex film. 18 films are rarer than U, PG, 12A, 12 and 15 as the majority of people don’t prefer to watch films with considerably more violence, sex strong language.

Examples of an 18 rated film – Sin City, Saw, Fifty Shades of grey, Spring Breakers and The Human Centipede.

Restricted - R18

Restricted 18 is a special category that is rarely seen but is used to classify very explicit sex scenes or strong fetish material. R18 films can be shown in specific licensed cinemas.

Our Film Institute - 'Whitehorn Productions'

I created our film institution in Adobe Photoshop and After Effects. Firstly I created it in Photoshop to get everything looking the way we wanted it. Then I took the file into Adobe After Effects and composted every layer into a 3D object. This was so that the intro will contain parallax between the cloud layers and text to give the illusion that it is 3D.

The sound effect I that are present in this are comprised of two different sound effects. These sound create a very cinematic and movie feel.
(all sounds used are non-copyrighted)

Institution Research

20^th Century Fox

20^th Century Fox is an American film Corporation which was first founded on May 31^st in 1935. 20^th Century Fox is one of six major American film studios and headquartered in Century City in Los Angeles, California. 20^th Century fox was created by a merger. This means that two companied got together to create a larger company. The two founders Joseph M. Schenck and Darryl F. Zanuck left United Artists over a dispute and created the company ‘Twentieth Century Pictures’. They then merged with ‘Fox Films’ to create what we all know now – 20^th Century Fox.

Films that 20^th Century Fox are known for are Ice Age, Titanic, Avatar, Die Hard, Home Alone, Night in the Museum, the first two Star Wars trilogies and Fantastic Four. Genres that 20^th Century Fox are well known for producing are normally family films such as The Simpsons Movie, Alvin and the Chipmunks and Ice Age.

Paramount Pictures

Paramount Pictures is a film studio company and a motion picture distributor - first founded in 1912 by the ‘Famous Players Film Company’. It was not until 1914 when ‘Paramount Pictures Corporation’ opened up by Jesse Lasky, William Wadsworth Hodkinson and Adolph Zukor. Paramount Pictures is the fifth oldest surviving film studio in the world and is the last major film studio with their headquarters still situated in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles. Paramount is Americas the oldest running film studio, first founded in 1912.

Some of Paramount Pictures well known films are the Transformers, Start Trek, Titanic, Forest Gump, Iron Man and Kung Fu Panda. Many of Paramount’s films are action, adventure films.

Lions Gate Entertainment

Lions Gate Entertainment is a Canadian/American entertainment corporation, famous for its films such as The Hunger Games and Divergent. Lions Gate headquarters is located in Santa Monica, California and was founded in 1997 on the 3^rd of July. The main founder is Frank Giustra however Avi Federgreen was also an important person as they helped fund the start up of Lions Gate Entertainment.

Lions Gate Entertainment is famous it films such as The Hunger Games, Divergent, The Day After Tomorrow, Saw, Kick-Ass and Rambo. Much of their films are action, thriller and adventure genres.

Universal Studios

Universal Studios is a well known American film studio with is headquarters located in Universal City, Los Angeles, California. Universal Studies is not only well known for its movies but also its Universal Orlando theme park. Universal studio was founded by eight people - Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, and Jules Brulatour. It was founded on June 10^th 1912, and is the second oldest American film studio still running – just beaten by Paramount Pictures by several months.

The movies that Universal Studios are well known for distributing is Jurassic World, Ted, Jaws, The Mummy, The Grinch, Dumb and Dumber, Hulk, ET and Lone Survivor. The genres related to Universal Studios are similar to 20^th Century Fox. These include comedy, action, thriller and family films.

Pixar Animation Studios

Pixar Animation Studios is an American computer animation film studio, well known for mainly creating c.g.i, Computer Generated Images, animated kids films – created by Pixar’s RenderMan. It was founded in 1986, February 3^rd, by Edwin Catmull and Alvy Ray Smith.

Pixar are well known for creating many popular kids’ films such as Cars, Toy Story, Finding Nemo, Up, Monsters Inc, The incredible and WALL-E. Nearly, if not, all Pixar films are created using computer generated images and the genre they tend to go for is animated, adventure, family and comedy films.

 Warner Bros. Picture

Warner Bros. Picture was founded by four brothers Harry Warner, Albert Warner, Sam Warner and Jack Warner, hence where the company name originates from. These four brothers founded the company on April 4^th, 1923. Today, Warner Bros is located in Burbank, California and is a division of Time Warner Inc.

Films that Warner Bors. Pictures are known for distributing is Inception, The Dark Knight, Max, Mad Max: Fury Road, Interstellar, Gravity, The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey and Happy Feet. The main genre of films that Warner Bros. Distribute are Adventure, thrillers and actions, as well as a few family films.

Our Film Institute

For our film institute, we decided upon the name ‘Whitehorn Productions’. We wanted to create a logo that was similar to Paramount Pictures, Lions Gate Entertainment and 20^th Century Fox as their films may have similar genres to our film – which maybe an action, thriller and war film.

Own Film Treatment

Plot

In the near future, a large group of antagonists have been successful in bringing war, crime and drugs into much of UK. They’ve seized control of the government and much of the countries resources. Thousand of military personal and fighters have been sent in order to stop them but everyday, they gain more and more power and become increasing harder to defeat. As the country gone into turmoil, a small, highly skilled, group of individuals have been formed by what’s left of the government. A secrete alliance (with the help of other major countries like the US) has been created in order to shut down the evil that has been created.

Opening

The opening starts off with two protagonists running towards a small base camp in the woods - run by the antagonists. The Alliance believes that there is a high-value target situated there and capturing him will give them key information. However, on their way their, they are met by several guards patrolling the compound. As the protagonists covers are blown, this leads to a small fire fight which results in the death of one of the two protagonists. After and while, the still alive protagonist gets shot and injured, and then gets captured by an antagonist.

Middle

A bit later, after the protagonist gets captured, he then gets rescued by several other members of the Alliance. After his rescue, they find valuable information in the base camp.

During the film, there are a lot of action and fire fights that occur throughout. As the film progresses, the Alliance find more and more key information and they are able to start to piece together the whole reasoning behind why the antagonists are doing this. Through this information, they are able to stop the protagonists.

End

The end scene set at a funeral, where several Alliance members (including the alliance member at the start of the film that got captured) are carrying a coffin for the protagonist that sadly died at the beginning. This end scene is meant to make the audience feel emotion after all the Alliance has been through. We then see several shots of the country rebuilding its self and becoming a better place.

Initial Film Ideas

The image above is shows our first brainstorm and initial ideas of our film. We were initially thinking on creating a horror or an action but we soon ended up on making an action / thriller.

Progress Targets

On return we begin the post production stage of our journey and editing begins from the onset - make sure you are video blogging and keeping your page relevant and up to date.  Make sure you have evidenced all the following areas of focus over the break to maximize your marks for research and planning.  The numbers reflect the amount of posts expected, at least.  You are capable of exceptional attainment here - grab it!

Research

- Genre Research 10

- Soundtrack research (non copyright music) 1/2

- Costume and location research – Google Earth and pictures you’ve taken. 1/2

- Actors and props photos and interviews 3/5

- Audience Research and Profiling (typical audience member and similar films) 1

- Uploaded YouTube videos of openings – analysed 15/20

- Opening titles analysed in detail – font researched 1

- Analysed Film Openings from your genre in particular 5/10

- Institution research (Paramount etc) 1

- Certificate research 1

Planning

- Own film idea brainstorm 1

- Own film treatment 1

- Relevant Online Tutorials and Comment 4/5

- Documenting of influences on production 1

- Shot lists 1

- Consideration of representation in your film and stereotyping – use theory from G322. 1

- Questionnaire (and feedback) Get some feedback on your initial ideas!

- Diary of filming/editing etc with photos and screen grabs

- Mood board 1

- Script 1

- Practice titles created and uploaded 1

- Storyboard – animatic. 1

Progress Target Setting

In order to complete and evidence all of our research and planning my group needs to turn the storyboard into an animatic, take pictures of the locations, props and costume

In order to make progress towards completion of my research and planning I need to complete the storyboard ind creation of the animatic.

Genre Analysis - Thriller

Target Audience
Unlike action or thriller films where it is primarily aimed towards one specific gender, thriller films are aimed towards both males and females - usually around the ages of 15 - 22. Thriller films are appealing to all genders because they contain things that the audience can relate to, such as characters and location, but also contain unusual/abnormal things that may not actually exist. This makes the audience want to watch thriller films as it takes them away from their daily lives.

Thriller Movie Analysis
(Jurassic World)
(Sicario)
(Zero Dark Thirty)
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Using Film Techniques - Analysis

www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_nMOOS5oio

shonamshahig321.blogspot.co.uk/2015/11/g321-preliminary-task-using-film.html

Within the 40 second preliminary task that we created, we used four different editing techniques - shot reverse shot, eye line match, match on action and the 180 degree rule.

Editing Techniques Times
          Shot Reverse Shot - 28 seconds
          Eye Line Match - 23 seconds
          Match on Action - 17 and 25 seconds
          180 Degree Rule - Everything beyond 20 seconds

When creating and editing this, we learnt these techniques and improved upon them, in order to be able to apply them to our actual two minute opening for our film. We learnt the different ways to position and move the camera for the most effective shot.

We learnt how to edit in Adobe Premiere Elements and Sony Vegas Pro because we are still unsure on which program to use, but this has given us a greater understanding on how to edit our final film opening. Even though we used both Adobe Premiere Elements and Sony Vegas Pro to edit preliminary task in, we ended up editing and rendering in Sony Vegas Pro because I personally knew how to use it and I felt confident in my ability to work with the program.

G321 Preliminary Task - Using Film Techniques

G321 Preliminary Task - Analysis

shonamshahig321.blogspot.co.uk/2015/11/using-film-techniques-analysis.html

Camera Shots

Extreme Close Up

An extreme close up is used to focus on a specific part of the subject. This shot can be used to create emotion and significance in a film. From this extreme close up shot, you can see that the characters eyes are focused on something significant but the audience cannot see what it is.

Close Up

A close up shot is used to show detail of the subject and is used to show the emotions and facial expressions of the characters. This is effective because captures true emotions of the character and makes the audience feel as if they are in a similar situation as them.

In this close up shot you can see that the lady looks shocked as she stares into the camera with almost watery eyes implying she is also sad.

Medium shot

A medium shot of a person is generally taken from the waist, or chest, up. These shot is used to show the character while also showing the location that they are in.

In this shot we can see that the character is sitting on a chair within an office environment.

Long Shot

Long shots are similar to medium shots however they reveal more of the character and more of the environment they are in. Long shots will generally show the whole of the character or subject. More of the location is shown in the shot allowing the audience to picture themselves in the scene. Long shots are often put at the start or end of a

This long shot was taken from ‘The Hobbit’ and depicts Bilbo Baggins and Gandalf in a green outdoors location. This is a long shot as it shots the two characters in frame and reveals a lot of the background.

Extreme Long Shot

An extreme long shot is taken from a long way away. This shot is used more to show the location that characters are in rather than details of the characters. These shots give a sense of where the subjects are in the location but don’t reveal a lot of details of the characters.

With this image we can see two people standing on a muddy / rocky hill. We can also determine that they are high up and in the far distance we can see a lake or river. From this distance it is not clear what facial expressions the two people are making or why they are there.

Establishing Shot

An establishing shot is typically the first shot in film or in the scene. It reveals to the audience where the film or scene is going to take place.

In this image you can clearly tell that it is set in London because of the iconic Big Ben tower, Palace of Westminster, the London Eye and The shard.

Aerial Shot

An aerial shot is a shot taken from above in the air. They are commonly taken either with a helicopter, plane, and drone and it could also be taken with a crane or on top of a high building. Sometimes aerial shots are used as establishing shots at the start of films to show the audience a greater view of the location that it is going to be set in.

From this screen shot we can see an aerial shot the New York City taken from a helicopter or a drone.

Bird’s Eye View

A bird’s eye view is similar to an aerial shot however a bird’s eye view is taken from directly above the subject. This shot makes the subject look small if used on people, but it is also used to show a map or buildings from above in films.

For example, in this image you can see a bird’s eye view of a crossroad as it is taken from directly above.

Canted shot

Canted shots are shots that are slanted to one side. This shot type is effective as it makes the audience feel at unease, distorted and paranoia. This shot is frequently us in horror, thriller and some action films.

In the screenshot we can see a canted shot of a dark, dirty tunnel. This makes the tunnel seen my gloomy and mysterious – connoting to a horror or thriller genre movie.

High Angle Shot

A high angle shot is a shot taken from above the subject to make it seem as if you are looking down onto the subject. This shot type makes the subject look small, venerable and insignificant compared to everything else.

This high angle shot of Harry Potter makes him look scared and venerable, and his facial expression also indicates fear.

Low Angle Shot

A low angle shot is a shot taken from below the subject to make it seem as if you are looking up at the subject. A low angle shot makes the subject look more powerful and gives them authority in the film.

In this low angle shot from Transformers: Age of Extinction, you can see a low angle shot is used to show the protagonist. This makes him look big and gives him power in the scene.

Point of View

A Point of View or POV shot is a shot taken from the perspective of the subject. This puts you in the scene, as the person, and makes you fell in a similar way to them.

This point of view shot of the cyclist makes you feel as if you are cycling along the road. The motion blur of the road and the rocky side makes it look as if you are moving very fast.

Over the Shoulder Shot

An over the shoulder shot is a shot taken from behind someone and over their shoulders to show them looking or talking to something or someone. Over the shoulder are typically used when conversations take place between two characters.

For example, this image if over the shoulder shot of a conversation.

Iron - Man

www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hT4Jt1qx54

Children of Men

www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJivXSErhB8

The opening of Children of Men is not like most movie openings. Whereas most, if not all, movies have different cameras angles and different shots, Children of men is mostly just one long continuous take.

[0:09 and 0:22]

Children of men film opening first starts of with a sound bridge from a black shot to a medium shot of many people in a small shop, looking at the news. We hear the voice over of the news lady in the first shot as she is talking about the death of ‘baby Diego Ricardo’, ‘the youngest person on the planet’. Then after we are shown the medium shot of the people on the shop and judging from all their facial expressions, they all look shocked and horrified from what they have just heard. As we hear the background voice of the news presenters, we see a man walk into the shop and ask for a coffee. From if attitude and facial expressions, it suggests that is doesn’t have a care in the world about the death of the youngest person in the world. As he’s ordering his coffee, we hear that Diego Ricardo was born in 2009. This is very unusual that the news is talking about the death of the youngest person when you’d expect someone new to be born every couple of seconds. This unusual news suggests that the world in the film is very different, so the genre of the film might be a thriller or a science-fiction.

[0:40]

Eye line match was used in this shot as the guy who order his coffee looked up to quick see the news, we are shots a close up shot of the TV and an image of baby Diego Ricardo. From this shot, the audience can also recognise that the film if set in 2027 as it says ‘2009 – 2027’ on the TV. We can also hear the non-diegetic orchestra music in the background. This soundtrack makes the scene emotional and also makes the audience feel sad for Ricardo. In this shot we can also hear the ambient sound of people weeping in the background is adds to the sadness.

[0:59 and 1:04]

After the man receives his coffee, he then walks out and the camera follows him from behind. As he walks out of the door, we see a red bus drive past and we can instantly tell that it is set in London due to the iconic red London buses. In the long shot on the right, we can also see that it is set in London, 16^th November 2027. In the same shot we can also see a Chinook in the background. This is unusual because Chinooks are associated with the military and you wouldn’t expect them to be flying around in London. The character that is followed by the camera could be a significant person in the film because he already has the most screen time in the opening. As he’s walking down the street, we can see that London in 2027 looks a bit run down and dirty. There are piles of bin bags lying around and the roads seem very dusty and dirty. Within this shot we can also hear the diegetic sound of the cars, buses and motorcycles driving past and through mise-en-scène, we can see the lighting in the opening is quite dark and gloomy. This type of lighting connoted to a thriller type of genre.

[1:19 and 1:29]

Here we can see a long shot of him pulling out a small bottle from his coat and pours its contents in his coffee. The shape of the small bottle suggests that it is alcohol and it could imply that the character is an alcoholic.  The camera moves past him while keeping him in shot, and then there is bid explosion from the shop that he just came out of. We can hear the loud diegetic sound of the explosion

[1:37]

After the big explosion, the camera moves forward to get a better shot of the explosion. As the camera gets closer, a human figure appears out of the dust from the explosion. We can make out that is person who is holding a severed arm. After the sound of the loud diegetic explosion, we hear a loud eerie ring and a lot of screaming in the background.

The Hurt Locker

www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ISaajQF0eM

The audience is first shown a close up shot of an army soldier as he looks into the distance, changing from a happy facial expression to a scared and shocked expression. A close up shot was used to show the true expression on his face and is effective as it makes the audience as scared and as shocked as he is. To increase the effect of being shocked to the audience, the diegetic sound of the man talking in the background decreases in volume as an eerie, non-diegetic, stunned sound effect takes over. We can tell his character role is an army personal by analysing costume and props through mise en scène. He is wearing urban/digital camouflage clothing and a helmet, he has a strapped to his chest, a military bag and he is holding a rifle in his hands. The rifle/gun connotes shooting, death, danger and action. This indicates that the genre of the film is primarily an action film which typically appeals to a target audience of men and young teens.

Eyeline match is used for the next several shots. We see the soldier point his gun to something off screen then in the next shot we see a point of view (pov) shot of the thing he was looking at. When we are shown a pov shot we can hear a non-diegetic screeching sound effect in the background, making us feel uneasy and also indicating that something terrible is about to happen. We hear Eldridge shout in fear “Sanborn! Butchers shop, 2 o’clock! Dude has a phone!”. Him shouting this sentence suggests that this is something serious.

For the next several seconds, more and more diegetic sound of people shouting can be heard and also the use of pace editing is used to makes this scene look more dramatic and lively. As this is going on, a non diegetic drum beat in getting louder and louder, and increasing in pace. During this scene we are shown a two army personnel running towards the person with the phone. A multitude of shots types, such as close up, medium and long shots, are used to show them running towards the guy while shouting at him to put down his phone. Much of the pace editing occurs as Sanborn and Eldridge run towards the man and we are also shown a few medium shots of the suspicious man.

The editing technique, match on action is used in these shots to show a close up shot of the man press a button on his phone. Before he pressed the button, we were shown a multitude of shots of everything that was happening around him. One of those shots included long shot of a man running and through mise en scène we can we can analyse his costume. He was hearing a large bomb suit suggesting that there is a bomb and it maybe going to explode soon as he is sprinting away. We can hear the diegetic sound of people shouting in the background and the non diegetic sound of the loud music. As the button on the phone is pressed we hear a diegetic beep sound effect.

Instantly after the button is pressed we are shown sever shots which are played in slow motion. These shots were most likely taken with a high speed camera at a high frame rate so they could be replayed back in slow motion. These slow motion scenes make the audience feel as if time is passing very slowly. There are different used of sound in these several shots, such as the metallic smashing sound when we are shown a close up shot of a rusty car. This sound effect was most likely created in Foley Studio where the sound effects were made by everyday objects and then overlaid in the movie to create that specific sound effect. After the sequences of slow motion shots we are suddenly shown a real time shot of the explosions to indicate how sudden and forceful this explosion was. These make the audience feel shocked as to what happened and also keeps then on their seats as the big explosion connotes an action and thriller genre. 

127 Hours

www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbaNk7ggQHE

The first shot shows a man sleeping in an outdoors environment. We can tell he is sleeping outdoors because of the diegetic sounds of the crickets. There is also non-diegetic music playing in the background. We can’t hear it immediately at the start but the music gets louder and louder which suggests that something exciting or energetic is going to happen.

In the next shot we see the camera dolly towards two doors and when the camera gets close to them, the doors suddenly swing open and a mountain bicker cycles down from above. Within this shot we also see the location of this scene – which seems like a large dessert. These denotations of the dessert and a rocky place imply that the movie will contain adventure as the movie takes us to locations that we would not see every day.

The next few shots are aerial shots, probably taken from a helicopter or a drone, and these shots truck to the right while keeping the cyclist in shot or move directly forward and have the cyclist character cycle past the camera. The lighting in these shots is well lit and uses a high key lighting which connotes hot weather. There are also a lot of orange/yellow colours used in these shots which also connote warmth.

Later on we see a medium shot of the character cycling towards the camera. We can also see that he is wearing a t-shirt, shorts, a bandanna around his face, sunglasses and a cap. His clothing suggests that he is in a hot location and the face mask and sunglasses suggests that it is a very sandy and dusty environment. Throughout these shots the non-diegetic music is still playing in the background. This music has a fast beat and pace to it - making the scenes livelier as the character cycles around. During some shots when the camera gets close to the biker, we can hear the diegetic sound of the bike.

In the next few shots we see the editing technique eyeline match being used. After the biker stops, he goes to turn on his camera, and as he does so, we get a close up shot of him turning on the camera.  Then in the shot after, we are shown a low angled shot if the camcorder. The first line of dialogue he says is “Blue John Canyon” – indicating to the audience that this is where these scenes take place. After, he says he is “four and a half hours till The Big Drop Rappel” and he aims to take 45 minutes off of that. This shows that he is the type of character that is very active and physical. When the character starts to speak, the non-diegetic music in the background decreases in volume and after he finishes speaking, the music suddenly gets louder. The next several shots are long, medium and low angle shots of the character cycling.

In these shots we can see that he as cycled over a bump and is about to fall over on his bike. The other shot is a low angles shot and is shows the mountain biker crash into the camera. This gives the illusion that he is about to crash into the audience as he is quickly coming towards the screen. At this point, the music in the background stops and we can hear the groaning of the cyclist with a medium shot of him lying on the floor.

Then is this shot we see a canted angle shot of the guy on the floor, as he removes something from his pocket. At this point we expect him to maybe for help but instead he takes out a camera and takes a picture of himself. The shot then changes to a pov shot of the camera that the guy was holding would have seem. This indicates to the audience that this character is the type of person that that will carry on with any situation no matter what is happening - even is he is hurt. Mise en scène could be analysed here as one of the props in the guy has was a small camera/camcorder.